Residential LED light fixtures that replace incandescent or fluorescent bulbs are widely available, but they are not standardized in the sense that one or two numbers will tell the purchaser what kind of fixture he is buying. Instead, it is important to look at color, brightness, efficiency and lifetime as well as the purchase price for the particular bulb. All of these characteristics may vary widely for different fixtures and for different manufacturers.
Instructions
1
Check the color of the LED light and get bright white or warm white as preferred. Inexpensive white LEDs have a cold, almost purple light, while colored LEDs are even less expensive. For incandescent light replacement, warm white will come closest to the existing bulb, while bright white is close to fluorescent lighting.
2
Select the LED light on the basis of its rated light output in lumens. Unlike other bulbs, the wattage of LED lights does not directly indicate how bright they are because the LEDs may be more or less efficient. Incandescent bulbs produce about 15 lumens per watt, while fluorescent fixtures produce 20 to 25 lumens per watt. Standard LEDs produce about 20 lumens per watt, but high efficiency LEDs can produce much higher levels and vary widely. Calculate the lumens needed by multiplying the wattage of the old bulb by the appropriate lumens per watt, and then purchase the corresponding LED bulb. To replace a 60W incandescent bulb, an LED light with 60 x 15 = 900 lumens will be needed.
3
Calculate the approximate per hour cost for each fixture to determine which is the most cost effective. Multiply the wattage of the fixture by the cost of electricity in cents per kilowatt hour. Divide by 1,000 to get the cost per hour. Divide the purchase price in cents by the lifetime of the fixture in hours. Add to the cost of electricity to get the total cost in cents per hour. For example, assume a 20W LED light with a lifetime of 20,000 hours and a $40 purchase price on an electricity supply costing 10 cents per kWh. It would cost 0.2 cents for power and 0.2 cents to purchase for a total cost of 0.4 cents per hour.
As a comparison, an incandescent light bulb of 60 watts might give the same amount of light, cost $1 and last 2,000 hours. The cost for power would be 0.6 cents per hour, and the cost to purchase would be 0.05 cents, for a total cost per hour of 0.65 cents. This comparison does not include the effect of purchasing future incandescent light bulbs with inflated dollars, which will be worth less. On the other hand, future electricity costs will likely be higher, so these two effects can be expected to cancel each other to some extent. The comparison also does not include the extra cost of traveling to buy the additional incandescent bulbs and the time to change them.
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